The roller kiln and the prefabricated kiln with lightened trolleys, both tunnel and intermittent, represent, under precise design conditions, a punctual and integrated response to the request for a heat treatment system that allows rapid firing of ceramic materials. The low thermal inertia represented by the prefabricated modular structure, obtained with the use of light refractory bricks on the first side and ceramic fibers on the second, is a necessary condition to give elasticity and manageability to the heat engine.